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Wholesale Tier Details Flexible wholesale tier information. Read More Request Wholesale Sample Pack Embracing the Essence of Ethnic Medicine through Wild Harvesting In today's world, many people are turning to natural options to celebrate traditional wisdom and promote their physical health. At TropiNaturals, we are proud to be at the forefront of this movement by providing high-quality wild-harvested ethnic medicine that combines the best of cultural heritage and modern wellness practices. We believe that by embracing nature's gifts and practicing sustainable harvesting humanity can create a healthier and more sustainable world for all. Here and throughout our website we share our philosophy, and approach to sustainable harvesting, highlighting the importance of ethnic medicine, especially as it relates to Puerto Rico’s vibrant ecological heritage. Value of Wild-Harvested Plants Wild harvest consists of gathering plants in their natural habitats, allowing them to thrive without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. At TropiNaturals, we believe that keeping our plants free from these chemicals maintains their purity and boosts their medicinal benefits. Wild herbs have been cherished and used for generations across various cultures, showcasing the timeless connection between tradition and natural healing. Exploring Puerto Rico’s Rich Biodiversity Puerto Rico is a gem of diverse ecosystems, ranging from sunny coastal mangroves to lush rain forests. It provides a fantastic backdrop for discovering ethnobotanical treasures. The island is home to an incredible variety of wild herbs known for their healing properties, a heritage from The Taíno, African, and Spanish traditions. By being in tune with the natural rhythms of Puerto Rico, we honor both the land and the wisdom of those who have nurtured these practices for centuries. Creating Natural Remedies with Care At TropiNaturals, every product is carefully handcrafted to ensure perfection, freshness, and effectiveness. We pay close attention to detail during our manufacturing process, so each herbal remedy captures the vitality of freshly harvested plants. We take a hands-on approach to prevent commercial processing that could compromise their natural healing properties. Our Commitment to Quality Quality is at the heart of everything we do. We want the best for our customers, offering products that are not only effective but also safe. Our company focuses on small-batch production keeping a close eye on quality, ensuring that each remedy meets our high standards. Our commitment to quality extends to our responsibility to the environment and the ecosystems that nurture us. Discovering the Healing Power of Nature Research shows that many plants used in ethnic medicine can provide therapeutic benefits with fewer side effects than conventional pharmaceuticals. At TropiNaturals, we embrace this understanding and preserve the herb's amazing healing capabilities. The wild herbs we gather are packed with bio-active compounds scientifically recognized for their effectiveness in tackling a full spectrum of health issues. Nature: Our Natural Pharmacy Plants are incredible—they produce secondary metabolites that allow them to act as natural medicines. We’re committed to researching and celebrating these plants, spotlighting their historical significance and contemporary health benefits. Bringing Together Tradition and Modernity While our roots are firmly planted in traditional medicine, we also understand the value of modern science in validating and enhancing these time-honored practices.

We are specialized in the harvest and artisan process of wild medicinal plants in Puerto Rico. TropiNaturals process is unique and produces the best quality of medicinal herbs. The background is: El Yunque National Rain Forest Welcome to TropiNaturals Nestled in the vibrant heart of Puerto Rico , our company is dedicated to offering the highest quality wild-harvested herbs, drawing from the rich biodiversity of medicinal plants found both locally and across the United States. Through our website and the thoughtfully curated Borinquen Tea Collection, we strive to illuminate the often-overlooked treasures of Puerto Rican medicinal plants, unearthing their unique healing properties and sharing their stories. This journey goes beyond mere product offerings; it's about nurturing a deeper understanding and appreciation for these potent natural resources, while simultaneously supporting our communities and advocating for the preservation of our precious natural environments. We believe that healthy individuals thrive in healthy ecosystems, and our commitment to sustainable practices, coupled with our artisan production methods, ensures the creation of premium herbal products that are both restorative and affordable. By responsibly harvesting and ethically sourcing our ingredients, we offer a taste of Puerto Rico's colorful heritage, alongside the promise of natural wellness and the hope of a flourishing future for generations to come. Proudly Made In Puerto Rico Our Story Explore The TropiNaturals Learning Center! Our new platform is designed to provide you with the latest information and resources on natural products and healthy living. Whether you're a health enthusiast or just starting your wellness journey, our Learning Center has something for everyone. Join us today and discover a world of natural goodness! TropiNatiurals Herb Catalong TropiNaturals Herb Catalog. TropiNaturals Herb Menu Download TropiNaturals herb menu. Wholesale Information Buy herbs at wholesale prices. TropiNaturals Rewards Program Unlock a world of rewards and keep your health in check with the TropiNaturals Loyalty Program! Earn points with every purchase, and use them to enjoy exclusive discounts, free products, and limited edition items tailored to your wellness journey. Discover the sweet taste of health and the benefits of loyalty with TropiNaturals today! TropiNaturals Online Store Find and shop from our entire medicinal herb collection. Our Protected Forest Learn about our protected forest. Learn More The Borinquen Tea Collection represents TropiNaturals deep respect for Puerto Rico's natural bounty. We've curated this selection of wild-harvested medicinal herbs for years, choosing only the most potent varieties. Our commitment goes beyond quality; it's about fostering a regenerative environment at the source, ensuring the long-term health of the ecosystems where our herbs thrive. Quick View Malagueta (Pimenta racemosa) Extract Price $7.00 Serving Size or Weight Format Add to Cart Quick View Yagrumo (Cecropia Peltata) Extract Price $7.00 Serving Size or Weight Format Add to Cart Quick View Boca de Dragon (Alpinia zerumbet ) Price $7.00 Serving Size or Weight Format Add to Cart Quick View Bejuco De Caro (Cissus verticillata) Price $8.00 Serving Size or Weight Format Add to Cart Quick View Sal & Coco Emulsifying Body Scrub Price $19.99 Size Add to Cart Quick View Malagueta (Pimenta racemosa) Tea Servings, Fine Grit Herb & Extract Price $7.00 Serving Size or Weight Format Add to Cart Quick View Melaleuca (Melaleuca Viminalis) Tea Servings, Fine Grit Herb & Extract Price $7.00 Servings Amount or Weight Add to Cart Quick View Sea Grape Leaves (Coccoloba Uvifera) Tea Servings, Fine Grit Herb & Extract Price $7.00 Servings Amount or Weight Add to Cart Quick View Yagrumo (Cecropia Peltata) Tea Sevings, Fine Grit Herb & Extract Price $7.00 Serving Size or Weight Format Add to Cart Quick View Tua Tua Leaves (Jatropha gossypiifolia) Price $7.00 Serving Size or Weight Format Add to Cart 1 2 3 Store Natural Medicine Specialist Registry Member Registry Natural Medicine Specialist Post Find a natural medicine specialist near you, who has registered on our platform. See the clinic's detailed general information and reviews. VIEW ALL Where to Find TropiNaturals Products? A list of stores offering our products. Visit Page Blogs & Forums No posts published in this language yet Once posts are published, you’ll see them here. Contact Us HC 1 Box 12147 Carolina, Puerto Rico 00987 customercare@tropinaturals.com 347-589-5801

TropiNaturals loyalty program TropiNaturals Loyalty Program Earn points and turn them into rewards Become a Member Sign Up Sign up as a member to start enjoying the loyalty program Earn Points Order a plan Get 5 points for every $1 spent Purchase a product Get 2 points for every $1 spent Sign up to the site Get 200 points Redeem Rewards 10% off all products 100 Points = 10% off the lowest priced item in cart Rewards Free Shipping 300 Points = Free Shipping for all items $5 Off, Plus Free Shipping & Expedite Upgrade 200 Points = $5 off orders over $50 $10 Off, Plus Free Shipping & Expedite Upgrade 350 Points = $10 off orders over $80 $15 Off Plus Free Shipping & Expedite Upgrade+Gift 500 Points = $15 off orders over $130

TropiNaturals Learning Center history of Puerto Rico. History Of Puerto Rico History Of Puerto Rico History Of Puerto Rico History Of Puerto Rico The history of Puerto Rico is a tale of diversity, struggle, resilience, and triumph. The island of Puerto Rico, known as Borinquen to its indigenous Taino people, has a long and complex history that spans over 500 years. The arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1493 marked the beginning of a series of events that would shape the island's fate. The Taino people, who had inhabited the island for centuries, were soon forced into labor and faced cultural assimilation by the Spanish colonizers. This period of colonization brought a dramatic change to Puerto Rico's society and economy, with the introduction of slavery and the plantation system. For over 300 years, Puerto Rico remained under Spanish rule, until the Spanish-American War in 1898, when the island was ceded to the United States as part of the Treaty of Paris. This marked the beginning of a new era for Puerto Rico, as it became a territory of the United States and its people were granted American citizenship in 1917. Despite this change in political status, Puerto Ricans still faced challenges in asserting their cultural identity and fighting for equal rights. In the early 20th century, Puerto Rico experienced a significant economic shift, with the rise of the sugar industry and the eventual decline of the traditional plantation economy. This led to a wave of migration to the United States, as many Puerto Ricans sought better economic opportunities and a chance for a better life. This mass migration resulted in the establishment of vibrant Puerto Rican communities in cities like New York, Chicago, and Miami. In the mid-20th century, Puerto Rico underwent major social, political, and economic changes. In the 1940s, the first elected governor, Luis Muñoz Marín, started a series of economic and social reforms known as the 'Operation Bootstrap' program. This initiative aimed to industrialize the island and create a modern and prosperous society. As a result, Puerto Rico experienced a period of economic growth, becoming known as the 'Miracle of the Caribbean.' However, this modernization came at a cost, as it also led to a decline in the agricultural sector and the displacement of rural communities. In the late 20th century, Puerto Rico faced further challenges, including the struggle for political and cultural autonomy, as well as economic struggles, such as high unemployment rates and national debt. In 1952, Puerto Rico adopted its own Constitution, making it a self-governing commonwealth. While this gave the island more control over its internal affairs, it also maintained its status as a territory of the United States. The status of Puerto Rico continues to be a topic of debate and discussion, with some advocating for statehood, while others push for independence. The modern history of Puerto Rico is also marked by natural disasters, such as hurricanes and earthquakes, which have brought devastation and further challenges for the island and its people. However, the resilience of the Puerto Rican people is evident in their ability to overcome these obstacles and continue moving forward. Today, Puerto Rico remains a unique blend of Spanish, indigenous, African, and American influences, which can be seen in its culture, cuisine, and traditions. The island continues to face challenges, but its rich history and vibrant culture continue to shape its identity and give hope for a better future.

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All information on our TropiNaturals website is acquired from trustworthy sources. Sources Download CV We thank artists and authors for their collaboration to make this website shine with the beauty of Puerto Rico's panoramas, and truthful information. This website is meant to be a resource for information. Every source of information gathered is verified for its veracity and accuracy. We want our visitors to be informed and guided with the most up-to-date information including historical details. Sources of Information unsplash.com * Photo by David Clode on Unsplash - https://unsplash.com/photos/Y1ocPK_oSCw vecteezy.com Graphic designs Sources of Graphic Arts Pictures *Photo by David Clode on Unsplash *Photo by Jeremy Bezanger on Unsplash *Pedro Gonzalez Graphic art Vecteezy.com Call Email 347-589-5801 customercare@tropinaturals.com Follow

Meet the team of employees that are currently working in our facilities. Meet The Team Getting the Job Done Right... Pedro Gonzalez President Meet The Team: Meet The Team

Tips & Recipes This is your About Page. It's a great opportunity to give a full background on who you are, what you do, and what your website has to offer. Double click on the text box to start editing your content and make sure to add all the relevant details you want to share with site visitors. **Natural Medicine Tips and Recipes with Tropical Medicinal Plants** Tropical regions are home to an abundance of medicinal plants that have been used for centuries to treat a wide range of ailments. These plants are often rich in bioactive compounds that have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. Here are some natural medicine tips and recipes using tropical medicinal plants: **1. Turmeric for Inflammation** Turmeric is a yellow spice that contains curcumin, a powerful anti-inflammatory compound. It can be used to treat arthritis, joint pain, and other inflammatory conditions. **Tip:** Add turmeric to curries, soups, and stews. You can also make a turmeric tea by boiling 1 teaspoon of ground turmeric in 1 cup of water for 5-10 minutes. **2. Ginger for Nausea and Digestion** Ginger is a versatile herb that can relieve nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. It also has antibacterial and antiviral properties. **Tip:** Steep grated ginger in hot water for 10-15 minutes to make a soothing ginger tea. You can also add ginger to stir-fries, soups, and smoothies. **3. Aloe Vera for Skin Conditions** Aloe vera is a succulent plant with leaves that contain a gel-like substance that is rich in anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties. It can be used to treat burns, cuts, acne, and other skin conditions. **Tip:** Apply the gel directly to the affected area. Aloe vera can also be used as a face mask or hair conditioner. **4. Neem for Skin and Hair** Neem is a tree native to India that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine. It has antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties and can be used to treat acne, eczema, dandruff, and other skin and hair conditions. **Tip:** Make a neem paste by grinding neem leaves with a little water. Apply the paste to the affected area and leave it on for 15-20 minutes before washing it off. You can also boil neem leaves in water and use the infusion as a hair rinse. **5. Moringa for Nutrition and Health** Moringa is a drought-resistant tree that is native to India and Africa. The leaves of the moringa tree are packed with essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. They can be eaten fresh, dried, or powdered. **Tip:** Add moringa leaves to salads, smoothies, or soups. You can also make a moringa tea by steeping dried moringa leaves in hot water for 10-15 minutes. Contact I'm always looking for new and exciting opportunities. Let's connect. info@mysite.com 123-456-7890

TropiNaturals buy 5 get one free offer. Simply place 5 units in your cart and we will refund the 5th item. Buy 5 Get 1 Free, Storewide! At TropiNaturals, we are dedicated to rewarding our valued customers. Therefore, our “Buy 5, Get 1 Free” offer is a staple of our shopping experience. This promotion is simple, allowing you to enhance your purchase while exploring our diverse range of products. When you buy five items, you can email us your selection for the complimentary sixth item or, if you prefer, we will automatically include a random item that matches the price of the most frequently purchased items in your order. This offer applies to any product or plan across our entire site, providing great flexibility for our customers. Whether trying something new or exploring our health and wellness range, you can take advantage of this deal hassle-free. It’s our way of saying thank you for your loyalty and encouraging you to discover more TropiNaturals offers. So, go ahead and indulge in your shopping spree—watch as the savings add up effortlessly! Shop

An introduction to herbal medicine across different cultures. Herbal Traditions of the World A brief introduction to herbal medicine across different cultures. Herbal traditions have played a significant role in global healthcare and wellness practices for centuries, underpinned by the belief in nature's profound healing properties inherent in plants, flowers, and trees. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), with a history spanning over 2000 years, emphasizes balancing the body's energy, or Qi. This practice heavily relies on a diverse array of herbs, such as ginseng, recognized for its adaptogenic properties, ginger, esteemed for its anti-inflammatory and digestive benefits, and goji berries, valued for their antioxidant content and immune-boosting potential. Ayurveda, a holistic healthcare system practiced for over 5000 years in India , employs herbs such as turmeric, revered for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, neem, known for its antibacterial and antifungal attributes, and ashwagandha, esteemed for its potential stress-relieving and vitality-boosting properties. In Africa , traditional herbal medicine remains prevalent, reflecting the continent's diverse cultures and ecosystems. Common African herbs include moringa, celebrated for its nutrient richness, aloe vera, known for its soothing and moisturizing properties, and artemisia, recognized for its potential antimicrobial and immune-supporting properties. European herbal medicine, with a longstanding history, encompasses herbs like chamomile, valued for its soothing properties, lavender, revered for its calming and aromatic qualities, and echinacea, known for its immune-supporting potential. Native American herbal traditions, deeply rooted in the belief that plants possess spiritual essences, feature notable herbs such as cedar, sage, and sweet grass, each carrying symbolic and practical significance in ceremonial and spiritual practices. These rich herbal traditions are integral to global cultural heritage and continue to hold a vital role in healthcare and wellness practices, offering profound insights into the therapeutic potential of plants and the accumulated wisdom of past generations. Puerto Rico's natural medicine practices are deeply intertwined with the indigenous Taíno culture, African roots, and Spanish influences, creating a unique blend of healing knowledge and techniques. The indigenous Taíno, the original inhabitants of Puerto Rico, had an extensive understanding of the island's flora and fauna, which they used to treat various ailments. They utilized herbs like cohoba (Anadenanthera peregrina), which was used in spiritual ceremonies and also had medicinal properties, and guayacán (Guaiacum officinale), known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The Taíno also believed in the healing power of the natural world, incorporating elements such as the sun, water, and stones into their healing rituals. With the arrival of African slaves to Puerto Rico, new plants and healing practices were introduced to the island. The enslaved Africans brought their medicinal knowledge and incorporated it into the existing Taíno practices. They used plants like ginger, aloe vera, and sarsaparilla, which they believed held curative properties. These ingredients were often combined with rituals and prayers, reflecting a holistic approach to healing that treated the body, mind, and spirit. The Spanish conquest added another layer to Puerto Rico's medicinal tapestry. European settlers introduced additional plants and remedies, as well as their medical traditions, which included the use of herbal teas, poultices, and tinctures. The Spanish also brought with them the concept of the "curandero" or "espiritista," healers who combined herbal knowledge with spiritual elements, often serving as intermediaries between the physical and spiritual realms for healing. Today, natural medicine in Puerto Rico continues to thrive, with many residents turning to traditional remedies for everyday health care. The use of herbs like yerba bruja (Salvia shrubs) for digestive issues, mint for headaches, and lemon balm as a relaxant are common practices in Puerto Rican households. Community gardens and local markets are often stocked with medicinal plants, ensuring that these natural remedies remain accessible to the public.

TropiNaturals Protected Reserve is where we are based. This forest contains centenary trees, and an immense variety of fauna, and flora that our store is committed to protecting. TropiNaturals Protected R eserve TropiNaturals Protected Reserve stands as a beacon of hope in the heart of Puerto Rico, a sprawling sanctuary of 40 acres that safeguards the legacy of our natural heritage for generations to come. Situated at the cusp of Salinas and Cayey, this verdant haven teems with ancient trees, whispering tales of a bygone era, and harbors a rich tapestry of plant and animal life, each species playing an irreplaceable role in the intricate web of our ecosystem. The air thrums with the buzz of unseen insects, the rustle of leaves in the gentle breeze, and the songs of birds flitting through the canopy. This protected reserve is a testament to the resilience of nature, showcasing the beauty and diversity that thrive even in the face of encroaching human development. As a private property, TropiNaturals Protected Reserve is dedicated to responsible stewardship, ensuring the long-term health and vitality of this precious ecosystem. Upon completion of its final project, the reserve will extend an open invitation to the public, offering an immersive experience where visitors can explore the wonders of nature firsthand. Through guided tours, educational programs, and research initiatives, TropiNaturals seeks to inspire a deeper understanding and appreciation for the natural world, fostering a sense of responsibility and encouraging active participation in conservation efforts. By embracing the noble mission of protecting our natural resources, we not only secure the well-being of future generations but also honor the profound interconnections that weave together all living beings, ensuring a harmonious coexistence with our planet. Stay ahead of the curve and be the first to know when this exciting new section launches! We're putting the finishing touches on a captivating collection of information, resources, and insights that we know you'll find valuable. But before we unveil it to the world, we want to give you the inside scoop! Sign up for our email newsletter at the bottom of the website, and we'll send you a notification the moment this section goes live. You'll be among the first to explore its content, learn about exclusive offers, and discover the latest features and updates. Don't miss out on this opportunity to be a part of the launch – subscribe today and let the excitement begin!

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Basics on natural medicine regimes Natural Medicine Basics Natural medicine, also known as alternative or traditional medicine, is a broad term that encompasses a variety of healing practices, therapies, and remedies that have been used for thousands of years. It is based on the belief that the body has the innate ability to heal itself and maintain balance, and focuses on treating the root cause of illness rather than just the symptoms. Natural medicine is often seen as a more holistic approach to healthcare, taking into consideration the physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects of a person's well-being. One of the key principles of natural medicine is the use of natural substances, such as herbs, plants, and minerals, to treat and prevent illness. These natural remedies have been used for centuries by various indigenous cultures and have been passed down through generations. They are believed to work in harmony with the body's natural processes and can be used to strengthen the immune system, relieve pain, and promote overall health. In addition to herbal medicine, natural medicine also includes other modalities such as acupuncture, massage therapy, and chiropractic care. These therapies focus on stimulating the body's natural healing mechanisms and promoting balance within the body. They can be used to treat a wide range of conditions, from chronic pain to mental health issues. One of the fundamental principles of natural medicine is the importance of a healthy lifestyle in preventing illness. This includes proper nutrition, regular exercise, stress management, and adequate sleep. By maintaining a healthy lifestyle, the body is better equipped to fight off illness and maintain overall health. Another important aspect of natural medicine is the recognition of the mind-body connection. It understands that our thoughts, emotions, and beliefs can have a significant impact on our physical health. Therefore, natural medicine often incorporates techniques such as meditation, relaxation, and mindfulness to promote emotional well-being and aid in the healing process. Natural medicine also emphasizes the importance of individualized treatment and taking into consideration the unique needs of each person. Each individual is seen as a whole, rather than a collection of symptoms, and treatment is tailored to address their specific needs and concerns. While natural medicine has been around for centuries, it has gained popularity in recent years as people seek more natural and holistic approaches to health and wellness. More and more research is being conducted to support the effectiveness of natural remedies, and many conventional medical practices are incorporating elements of natural medicine into their treatments. In conclusion, natural medicine is based on the belief that the body has the ability to heal itself and that natural remedies and therapies can support and enhance this process. It emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to health, recognizing the interconnections of the mind, body, and spirit. With its focus on prevention, individualized treatment, and overall well-being, natural medicine offers a complementary and alternative approach to conventional medicine.

Our store started with a passion for nature. We are built from scratch, from an original idea that has tenaciously undergone polishing and perfection for the last twelve years. About Us At TropiNaturals, we envision a world where the restorative powers of nature are central to well-being. Our mission is to cherish and protect the delicate balance of our ecosystem, ensuring that future generations can benefit from the earth's gifts. We aspire to create a lasting legacy as a leader in nature-based medicine, driven by our unwavering commitment to sustainability and ethical practices. By respecting and preserving the precious resources we depend on, we aim to provide high-quality products that promote health and vitality. Rooted on the vibrant island of Puerto Rico, TropiNaturals is proud to draw from its rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. Our meticulous identification and wild harvesting processes enable us to honor the wisdom of the natural world, ensuring that the herbs and botanicals we offer maintain their highest quality and efficacy. Our skilled harvesters and crafters transform these gifts into pure and potent products that respect nature's inherent healing properties. We are dedicated to fostering a positive connection with our community and the land, acting as a catalyst for change that uplifts our ecosystems and their inhabitants. We strive to make TropiNaturals a sanctuary for individuals seeking to reconnect with nature and harness its healing powers. Our customers around the globe trust us to deliver the freshest and most potent natural herbs, knowing that their choices support their well-being and the preservation of our planet. Fueled by a passion for nature and health, we continuously innovate and expand our knowledge, sharing insights to empower others in their journey toward health and vitality. TropiNaturals stands as a testament to the transformative power of nature, where humanity and the natural world coexist in harmony. We are committed to nurturing the well-being of future generations, ensuring that the healing embrace of nature remains a vital resource for all. We can foster a deeper connection to the earth and inspire a movement toward sustainable living. About Us: About Us

We are on the brink of requiring a team that puts their passion into work. Stay up to date with job openings and money opportunities in our company. Job Openings We seek dedicated, detailed, and hard-working people to work in our fast-growing business. Harvester Possitions Is important for this job position to have basic knowledge of medicinal plants. People who consider this job must be fit to lift at most 50lb. A person willing to work under tropical forest conditions, hot, humid, and under the sun for short periods of time. Hour Pay: $10 Part-time position Home Herb Seller We pay to harvest at your house. If you have access to any medicinal plant, please write to us. We seeking plant species that can be harvested by large bags, our team will visit the place you referred to analyze if the environmental conditions are appropriate for harvest. Plants must be harvested by our crew if the offered patch is healthy, free of pests, and away from farming activities. Price Per 33Gal Bag: From $30 - to be discussed Volunteers/Donors Currently seeking volunteers for our social impact project. La Finca Project is currently looking for people that can plan, sow and harvest crops. People who have knowledge in agronomy or are simply passionate about helping others. Please, contact us for more information. Contact Us Social Impact Projects

The coqui preservation project is a TropiNaturals initiative to protect the coqui in Puerto Rico and their natural environments. The Coqui Preservation Project emerged as a response to the alarming decline and impending extinction of several subspecies of Coqui frogs in Puerto Rico. Extensive research has identified anthropogenic factors as the primary drivers behind their perilous status. Habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation due to urbanization, agriculture, and tourism have decimated their natural environments. Invasive species, such as the Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana), African Clawed Frog (Xenopus laevis), and Cane Toad (Rhinella marina), have further compounded their plight, competing for resources and transmitting diseases. Climate change, manifested through increased temperatures and altered precipitation patterns, has disrupted their reproductive cycles and survival rates. These combined environmental pressures have pushed several Coqui subspecies to the brink of extinction, highlighting the urgent need for conservation measures to protect this iconic symbol of Puerto Rico's biodiversity. The Coqui Preservation Project endeavors to address these threats through habitat restoration, invasive species management, climate adaptation strategies, and community engagement to ensure the survival of these critically endangered amphibians. Stay ahead of the curve and be the first to know when this exciting new section launches! We're putting the finishing touches on a captivating collection of information, resources, and insights that we know you'll find valuable. But before we unveil it to the world, we want to give you the inside scoop! Sign up for our email newsletter at the bottom of the website, and we'll send you a notification the moment this section goes live. You'll be among the first to explore its content, learn about exclusive offers, and discover the latest features and updates. Don't miss out on this opportunity to be a part of the launch – subscribe today and let the excitement begin!

Get to know what brought Pedro to have a vision of a world in harmony with nature. About Me Thank you for reading this page. Here you'll get to know me a bit more. My name Pedro, I'm the owner of TropiNaturals and the mind behind it. I was born and raised in the country side of Carolina in the island Puerto Rico. All my life been growing up surrounded by an immense flora and fauna. Where I grew up is complete country side in a tropical ecosystem which makes the wild to be overwhelming sometimes. A rich environment that often provided free amusement and sweet treats. There are three rivers by where i grew up, I used to visit often with my country friends and eventually with my dogs. On the way to the river there is always a fruit tree at its peak, often forgotten after many generations. Oh my! I used to fill up buckets of fruits and make it my whole day treat. Meet The Owner My name is Pedro. Im the owner of TropiNaturals. Meet me learn about my work and commitments. Call 347-589-5801 Email customercare@tropinaturals.com.com Follow

TropiNaturals Wholesale offers herbs and natural medicine products with a 20% to 50% discount. TropiNaturals Wholesale We are thrilled that you are interested in stocking our high-quality products in your store and are committed to providing your customers with the best product quality. Our dedication to quality and efficacy aligns perfectly with your priorities, and we are confident that our products would be a valuable addition to your inventory. We are pleased to offer four tiers of wholesale discounts, ranging from 20% to 50%, to accommodate different volume orders. These discounts are designed to make it easy and affordable for you to offer our products to your customers. Each tier includes a detailed supply contract and customized promotional materials to drive customers to your store. We appreciate your support and are excited to participate in your holistic medicine offerings. Please don't hesitate to contact us with any questions or concerns. We are always here to help! Email Us TropiNaturals Wholesale TropiNaturals Wholesale TropiNaturals Wholesale TropiNaturals Wholesale A set of bulk supply tiers with discounts ranging from 20% to 50% Anchor 1 Our tier pricing structure is dynamically adjusted based on the average current cost of herbs, and supply arrangements can be customized for an ongoing, flexible monthly fresh herb restock. Add to Cart 20% Discount and $2,000 Product Investment All formats available or the purchase of 20 pounds of fine grit herb. An unlimited time of supply agreement and free monthly restock shipping are available for this tier. Add to Cart 30% Discount and $10,000 Product Investment All product formats or by purchasing 109 pounds of fine grit herb are available. An unlimited time of supply agreement and free monthly restock shipping are available for this tier. Add to Cart 40% Discount and $17,000 Product Investment All formats are available, plus vegan bottled capsules, or the purchase of 195 pounds of fine grit herb. An unlimited time of supply agreement and free monthly restock shipping are available for this tier. Add to Cart 50% Discount and $30,000 Product Investment All formats are available, plus vegan bottled capsules, or the purchase of 500 pounds of fine grit herb. An unlimited time of supply agreement and free monthly restock shipping are available for this tier.

The Ceiba Tree Ceiba pentandra Ceiba pentandra, also known as the Kapok tree, is a species of tree that is native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. It is a member of the Malvaceae family, which also includes hibiscus and cotton. The Kapok tree is known for its tall, straight trunk and its wide, spreading canopy, which can reach up to 60 meters in height and 1000 square meters in area. The bark of the Kapok tree is smooth and gray, and its leaves are large and feathery, with a bright green color. The tree produces large, white flowers that are pollinated by bats and moths, and its fruit is a woody capsule that contains numerous seeds surrounded by a fluffy, white fiber. This fiber, also known as Kapok, is lightweight and buoyant, making it useful for stuffing pillows, mattresses, and life jackets. Ceiba pentandra is an important tree in the ecosystems where it grows. It provides habitat and food for a variety of animals, including bats, monkeys, and birds. The tree's bark is used by certain species of insects as a nesting site, and the leaves are used as a food source by many types of caterpillars. The Kapok tree is also of cultural and economic significance to human communities in the regions where it grows. The tree's wood is used for making furniture, boats, and construction materials, and the fiber can be used for making textiles and paper. In some traditional cultures, the Kapok tree is considered sacred and is used in rituals and ceremonies. Despite its importance, Ceiba pentandra is facing threats from habitat loss and deforestation. The tree is often cut down for its wood and to make way for agriculture and other development. As a result, the tree is listed as vulnerable on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Conservation efforts are underway to protect the Kapok tree and its habitat, including the establishment of protected areas and the promotion of sustainable forestry practices. In conclusion, Ceiba pentandra, or the Kapok tree, is a fascinating and important tree species that is native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. It is a vital part of the ecosystems where it grows, providing habitat and food for a variety of animals and contributing to the livelihoods of human communities. However, the tree is facing threats from habitat loss and deforestation, and conservation efforts are needed to protect it and its habitat for future generations. Information The Ceiba Tree: Puerto Rico's National Tree Puerto Rico is a beautiful island located in the Caribbean Sea, known for its tropical climate, sandy beaches, and vibrant culture. The island is also home to a variety of unique plant and animal life, including the majestic ceiba tree (Ceiba pentandra), which has been designated as the national tree of Puerto Rico. The ceiba tree, also known as the kapok or silk-cotton tree, is a tall, stately tree that can grow up to 200 feet tall. It is characterized by its stout, buttressed trunk, which can measure up to 20 feet in diameter, and its large, spreading canopy of leaves. The tree produces large, bell-shaped flowers that are white with a touch of pink, and its fruit is a woody capsule filled with cotton-like fibers. The ceiba tree holds great cultural and spiritual significance for the people of Puerto Rico. In the Taíno culture, the indigenous peoples of Puerto Rico and other Caribbean islands, the ceiba tree was considered sacred and was believed to be a connection between the physical and spiritual worlds. The Taíno people believed that the spirits of their ancestors lived in the ceiba tree and that it served as a gateway to the afterlife. The ceiba tree is also an important part of Puerto Rico's natural heritage. The tree provides habitat for a variety of birds, bats, and insects, and its fibers have been used for centuries to make clothing, bedding, and other textiles. The tree is also an important source of shade and can help to cool the air in urban areas. In 1996, the ceiba tree was officially designated as the national tree of Puerto Rico in recognition of its cultural, spiritual, and ecological importance. The tree is now protected by law, and efforts are being made to preserve and propagate the species on the island. Today, the ceiba tree is a symbol of Puerto Rico's rich cultural heritage and its unique natural history. The tree can be found in many parks and natural areas throughout the island, and it serves as a reminder of the importance of preserving and protecting Puerto Rico's natural and cultural resources for future generations. Whether you're a resident or a visitor to Puerto Rico, take some time to appreciate the beauty and significance of the ceiba tree, a true national treasure. Contact Us If you have a suggestion, please contact us to improve this article. customercare@tropinaturals.com

Definitions of the most common medicinal properties in holistic medicine. Medicinal Properties Definitions Abortient: Same as Abortifacient Abortifacient: An herb or substance that induces or causes an abortion, miscarriage, or premature expulsion of a fetus. (Abortient, Abortive) Abortive: Same as Abortifacient Absorbent: An herb or substance that promotes absorption, soaks up liquid, or acts as a sponge. (Ab- sorbefacient) Absorbefacient: Same as Absorbent Abstergent: An herb or substance that acts as a cleanser or purifier. (Syn: Anti-septic, Blood Purifier, Depurant, Depurative, Detergent, Disinfectant, Saponaceous) Acidic: An herb or substance that reacts with an alka- loid to produce a salt. Acidifier: An herb or substance that increases or imparts acidity, or lessens alkalinity, to the body fluids, especially the blood or the urine. (Ant: Alkalinizer, Antacid) Acrid: An herb or substance that has a hot biting taste, or causes heat and irritation when applied to the skin. (Syn: Caustic Cauterant, Corrosive, Escharotic) Adaptogen: Same as Adaptogenic Adaptogenic: An herb or substance that helps the body to maintain health by adapting to environmental and internal stress, usually by strengthening the immune system, nervous system, and/or glandular system. A general tonic for all systems. Adjuvant: An herb or substance that is added to a formula or mixture of other herbs to aid in the distribution of the medicine to the proper loca- tion in the body or to enhance the effect of the other principle ingredients. (Syn: Carrier) Adulterant: An impure ingredient or a substitute product introduced into a preparation Alexipharmic: An herb or substance that acts as an antidote or remedy for poisoning Alexiteric: An herb or substance that acts as an antidote, remedy, or protection against infectious diseases. Alkalinizer: An herb or substance that increases or imparts alkalinity, or lessens acidity, to the body fluids, especially the blood or the urine. (Ant: Acidifier, Syn: Antacid) Alkaloidal: An herb or substance that is usually derived from plants, and is typically nitrogen bear- ing, intensely bitter, and potentially toxic. It reacts with an acid to produce salt. (e.g. caffeine, morphine, berberine) (Ant: Acidic) Alterative: An herb or substance that corrects body func- tions either gradually or quickly by stimula- ting the defensive mechanisms of the metabol- ism, blood, or tissue in the presence of chronic or acute disease. (The time required may be six months or longer if chronic or a few minutes if acute). An herb that produces gradual and beneficial changes in the body, usually by improving metabolism, nutrition, circulation, or elimination, but without causing any drastic effects. Amphoteric: An herb or substance which works on human physiology in such a way that it promotes "balance" or homeostasis.. (normalcy) within the body. It is special because its effects achieve balance either from a "deficiency" condition or one of "excess". Analgesic: An herb or substance that relieves or reduces pain without causing unconsciousness (Syn: Anodyne, Anesthetic, Narcotic, Sedative) Anaphrodisiac: An herb or substance that reduces or represses sexual desire or potency. (Ant: Aphrodisiac) Anesthetic: An herb or substance that temporarily reduces, deadens, or abolishes physical sensations. Thus it tends to eliminate pain and the sense of touch. The effect may be local or general. (Syn: Analgesic, Anodyne, Narcotic, Sedative) Anhydrotic: An herb or substance that reduces, suppresses, or prevents excessive perspiration and sweating. (Anti-hydrotic) Anodyne: An herb or substance that soothes, relieves, or reduces pain without causing unconsciousness. (Syn: Analgesic, Anesthetic, Narcotic, Sedative) Anorectic: An herb or substance that causes a decrease in appetite. Antacid: An herb or substance that corrects acidity by neutralization, usually in the stomach. (Ant: Acidifier, Syn: Alkalinizer) Antagonist: An herb or substance that opposes the action of some other agent or medicine, especially the toxic effects of alkaline poisons. Anthelmintic: An herb or substance that destroys and/or expels intestinal worms. (Syn: Vermicide, Vermifuge, Taeniacide, Taeniafuge) Anthilitic: An herb or substance that reduces or suppresses urinary calculi (stones) and acts to dissolve those which are already present. (Anti-lithic, Syn: Deobstruent, Lithontriptic) Anti-alopecic: An herb or substance that reduces or retards baldness, or which stimulates hair growth. (Ant: Depilatory) Anti-arthritic: An herb or substance that reduces arthritic pain and inflammation in the joints. (Syn: Antirheumatic) Anti-bacterial: An herb or substance that destroys bacteria, germs, or other micro-organisms. (Syn: Fungi- cide, Anti-bacterial, Germicide, Disinfectant) Anti-bilious: An herb or substance that acts on the gall bladder and the bile to relieve biliousness. (Ant: Cholagogue) Anti-biotic: An herb or substance that destroys or arrests the growth of micro-organisms. (Syn: Antiseptic, Disinfectant, Detergent ) Anti-cardialgic: An herb or substance that relieves heartburn. Anti-cephalalgic: An herb or substance that relieves headaches. Anti-coagulant: An herb or substance that prevents or alleviates clotting or coagulation in a liquid, especially the blood. (Ant: Coagulant, Hemostatic, Styptic) Anti-diabetic: An herb or substance that helps counteract the effects of diabetes by stabilizing blood sugar levels directly or by stimulating or mimicking the production of insulin. Anti-diarrhoeic: An herb or substance that counteracts diarrhea. Antidote: An herb or substance that counteracts a poison by, [a] chemically destroying the poison, [b] mechanically preventing absorption, or [c] physiologically opposing the effects of the poison in the body after absorption. Anti-dysenteric: An herb or substance that counteracts dysentery. Anti-emetic: An herb or substance that prevents, counteracts, or stops nausea and vomiting (emesis). (Ant: Emetic) Anti-epileptic: An herb or substance that prevents, counteracts, or relieves epileptic fits. Anti-febrile: An herb or substance that reduces or prevents fevers. (Syn: Anti-pyretic, Febrifuge) Anti-fertility: An herb or substance that inhibits the forma- tion of ova or sperm, or interferes with the process of fertilization. Syn: Contraceptive Anti-flatulent: An herb or substance that relieves gas and/or digestive stress. Anti-galactagogue: An herb or substance that decreases the secretion of milk. (Ant: Galactagogue) Anti-hemorrhagic: An herb or substance that arrests or controls profuse bleeding (hemorrhage). (Syn: Coagu- lant, Hemostatic, Styptic) Anti-hemorrhoid: An herb or substance that soothes, reduces, or relieves hemorrhoids and hemorrhoid bleeding. Anti-herpetic: An herb or substance that works against or counteracts or the herpes virus. Anti-hydrotic: An herb that reduces, suppresses, or prevents excessive perspiration and sweating. (Anhydrotic) Anti-inflammatory: An herb or substance that reduces or counter- acts feverish, inflammation, and infections. (Syn: Anti-phlogistic) Anti-lithic: An herb or substance that reduces or suppresses urinary calculi (stones) and acts to dissolve those which are already present. (Anthili- tic, Syn: Deobstruent, Lithontriptic) Anti-malarial: An herb or substance that acts as a remedy for malaria. (Syn: Anti-periodic) Anti-microbic: An herb or substance that prevents or stops the growth of microbes (bacteria). Anti-periodic: An herb or substance that diminishes or arrests the morbid periodic fluctuations of certain diseases, especially malaria. (Syn: Anti- malarial) Anti-phagocytic: An herb or substance that opposes or counter-acts the action of phagocytes (blood cells that attack foreign matter). feverish inflammations and infections: (Syn: Anti-inflammatory) Anti-pyretic: An herb or substance that reduces or prevents the high temperatures of fevers. (Syn: Febrifuge, Refrigerant) Anti-rheumatic: An herb or substance that reduces rheumatic pain, inflammation, and infection in the joints. (Syn: Anti-arthritic) Anti-scorbutic: An herb or substance that is a source of vitamin C, and is used to prevent or cure scurvy. Anti-scrofulous: An herb or substance that is used to counteract scrofula (tuberculosis of the lymph glands, which causes swelling, inflammation, and de- generation). An herb or substance that destroys or inhibits pathogenic or putrefactive bacteria. (Syn: Anti-biotic, Detergent, Disinfectant) Anti-sialagogue: An herb or substance that prevents or diminishes es the flow of saliva. (Anti-sialic, Ant: Sialagogue) Anti-sialic: Same as Anti-sialagogue Anti-spasmodic: An herb or substance that relieves, stops, or prevents spasms, cramps, and contractions in either the voluntary or involuntary muscles, and which also alleviates the pain which can accompany them. (Syn: Spasmolytic) Anti-sudorific: An herb or substance that prevents or excessive perspiration and sweating. Anti-syphilitic: An herb or substance that effective against or cures venereal disease, especially syphilis. Anti-tetanic: An herb or substance that is effective against or prevents tetanus. Anti-thermic: An herb or substance that reduces body tempera- ture. (Syn: Refrigerant, Febrifuge) Anti-toxic: An herb or substance that counteracts or neu- tralizes poisons or toxins. Anti-tussive: An herb or substance that relieves or prevents coughing. (Syn: Pectoral, Expectorant) Anti-zymotic: An herb or substance that prevents or arrests the process of fermentation. Aperient: An herb or substance that is a mild stimulant for the bowels causing little increase in peristalsis and producing soft feces. A gentle and non-irritating laxative which does not cause purging. (Syn: Purgative, Laxative, Cathartic, Purge, Drastic, Evacuant, etc) Aperitive: An herb or substance that increases sexual desire or potency. (Syn: Aphrodisiac) Aphrodisiac: An herb or substance that increases or arouses sexual desire, power, or potency. (Syn: Aperitive) Appetizer: An herb or substance that excites or increases the appetite. (Syn: Digestive) Aromatic: An herb or substance that has a mildly stimula- ting fragrant or pleasing smell. Ascaricide: An herb or substance that kills nematode or un- segmented worms such as roundworms and thread- worms. Astringent: An herb or substance that acts upon the albumen of organic tissues to cause condensation and contraction, and restrains secretions and discharges. (Syn: Styptic) Attenuant: An herb or substance that thins the blood. Balm: An herb or substance that is soothing, calming, and healing. (Syn: Balsamic) Balsam: Same as Balsamic Balsamic: A resinous substance that is obtained from the secretions of various trees and plants, com- posed of aromatic oils and acids, which tend to be mildly stimulating, expectorant, sooth- ing, calming, and healing. (e.g. Pine Pitch, Balsam of Peru, Yerba Santa) (Syn: Balm, Bal- sam, Calmative) Bechic: An herb or substance that is a tonic or remedy for coughs and coughing. Bitter: An herb or substance with a characteristic bit- ter taste that acts on the gastric mucous mem- branes of the mouth and stomach increasing their tone and activity and thereby improving the appetite and promoting digestion. (Syn: Bitter Tonic) Bitter Tonic: An herb or substance, or combined formula, that acts on the gastric mucous membranes of the mouth and stomach increasing their tone and activity and thereby improving the appetite and promoting digestion. (Syn: Bitter) Blood Purifier: An herb or substance which speeds up the pro- cess of detoxification and excretion of waste products in the blood by stimulating intestin- al, liver, or bile functions, or creating lax- ative effects. (Syn: Depurative, Depurant, Detergent) Bronchial: An herb or substance which relaxes constricting spasms and opens the bronchi or upper part of the lungs, thus improving respiration. Calefacient: An herb or substance that is heating. Calmative: An herb or substance that produces a calming, mildly sedative, or tranquilizing effect. (Syn: Sedative, Tranquilizer, Nervine) Carcinostatic: An herb or substance that arrests or inhibits the development or continued growth of cancer, carcinomas, or malignant tumors. Cardiac: An herb or substance that stimulates, tones, or restores the heart. (Syn: Cardiac Tonic, Cardiant, Cordial) Cardiac Tonic: An herb, substance, or combined formula that strengthens and stimulates the heart metabol- ism. (Syn: Cardiac, Cardiant, Cardiotonic, Cordial) Cardialgic: An herb or substance that causes heartburn. Cardiant: An herb or substance that acts on the heart either as a stimulant or depressant. (Syn: Cardiac Tonic, Cardiant, Cordial) Cardiotonic: An herb, substance, or combined formula that strengthens and stimulates the heart metabol- ism. (Syn: Cardiac, Cardiac Tonic, Cardiant, Cordial) Carminative: An herb or substance that aids, prevents, or relieves the expelling of gas and flatulence from the stomach, intestines, and/or bowels, and thus reduces pain and discomfort. (Syn: Digestive) Carrier: An herb or substance which is added to a form- ula or mixture of other herbs to aid in the distribution of the medicine to the proper location in the body or to enhance the effect of the other principle ingredients. (Syn: Adjuvant) Cataplasm: A medicated poultice or soft external applica- tion. (Syn: Fomentation, Poultice) Cathartic: An herb or substance that has a strong laxative effect that causes or hastens an evacuation of the bowels. (Syn: Aperient, Evacuant, Laxa- tive, Purgative, Purge) Caustic: An herb or substance that contains acidic ma- terial that has an escharotic or corrosive action capable of burning or eating away living tissues. (Syn: Acrid, Corrosive, Cauterant, Escharotic) Cauterant: An herb or substance that has corrosive destructive action on living tissue. (Syn: Acrid, Corrosive, Caustic, Escharotic?) Cephalic: An herb or substance that is used to treat diseases of the head. (See: Cephalgic) Cephalic: An herb or substance that is used to treat headaches. (See: Cephalic) Cholagogic: Same as Cholagogue Cholagogue: An herb or substance that stimulates and in- creases the flow of bile into the intestines. (Cholagogic, Ant: Anti-bilious) Choleretic: An herb or substance that prevents or decreases the flow of bile into the intestines. Cholinergic: An herb or substance that... ? Michael Moore Cicatrizant: An herb or substance that is used to help form a cicatrix or new scar tissue over a burn or an open wound. Coagulant: An herb or substance that induces clotting in a liquid, especially the blood. (Syn: Hemo- static, Styptic) Condiment: An herb or substance that seasons or improves the flavor of food. Conserve A medication consisting of a powdered herb or other drug substance made into a paste with syrup or honey. (Syn: Electuary) Contraceptive: An herb or substance that inhibits the forma- tion of ova or sperm, or interfers with the process of fertilization. Syn: Anti-fertilitic Coolant: An herb or substance that reduces body tempera- ture. Cordial: An herb or substance that stimulates or invig- orates the heart. (Syn: Cardiac, Cardiac Tonic Cardiant) Correctant: Same as Corrective Corrective: An herb or substance that favorably modifies the action of powerful or harsh drugs. (Syn: Correctant, Corrigent) Corrigent: Same as Corrective Corroborant: An herb or substance that is tonic or invigorating. Corrosive: An herb or substance that has a corrosive or acidic substance capable of harming, burning, or eating away tissues. (Syn: Acrid, Caustic, Cauterant, Escharotic) Counter-Irritant: An herb or substance that: [a] produces irri- tation or hyperemia (redness) in one part of the body in order to relieve or counteract an irritation or inflammation in another part of the body, or [b] is directly soothing to an irritation or inflammation. (Syn: Acrid, Caustic, Corrosive, Demulcent, Emollient, Hyperaemic, Irritant, Revulsive, Rubefacient) Cycloplegic: An herb or substance that paralyzes the ciliary muscle of the eye resulting in the relaxation of ocular accommodation which is the ability to focus on objects at different distances. Dacryagogue: An herb or substance that causes crying or a flow of tears. Decoction: A liquid preparation obtained by boiling medi- cinal plant parts in water and then extracting the solid parts by straining the preparation. (See also: Infusion) Decongestive: An herb or substance that reduces congestion. Deliriant: Same as Delirifacient Delirifacient: An herb or substance that produces disturbances of consciousness, violent emotion or mental excitement, delirium, fevers, or hallucina- tions. (Syn: Hallucinogen, Hallucinogenic) Demulcent: An herb or substance that is bland, oily, and/or mucilaginous, which is soothing when applied to irritated, inflamed, or abraded tissue, especially the mucous membranes or skin sur- faces. (Syn: Counter-irritant, Emollient, Lenitive) Dentifrice: An herb or substance or preparation used for cleaning and polishing the teeth. Deobstruent: An herb or substance that aids in the removal of obstructions, especially those lodged in organs such as stones. (Syn: Anthilitic, Antilithic, Lithontriptic) Deodorant: An herb or substance that either removes, des- troys, masks, or suppresses odors Depilatory: An herb or substance that removes or destroys the hair and causes baldness. (Ant: Anti-alopecic) Depressant: An herb or substance that lessens or depresses nervous sensation, lowers a functional activ- ity or reduces vital energy by causing the relaxation of muscles, nerves, or tissues. (Ant: Stimulant, Syn: Depresso-motor, Motor- depressant) Depresso-motor: An herb or substance that depresses or dimin- ishes motor activity. (Ant: Stimulant, Syn: Depressant) Depurant: Same as Depurative Depurative: An herb or substance that acts to cleanse or purify the body, especially the blood, by helping to remove wastes and expel impurities. (Syn: Blood Purifier, Depurant, Detergent) Dermatic: An herb or substance that affects or helps to cleanse and purify the skin. Detergent: An herb or substance that helps cleanse and purify boils, ulcers, wounds, and sores by removing the dead or diseased matter. (Syn: AntiSeptic, Blood Purifier, Depurant, Depur- ative, Detersive, Disinfectant, Saponaceous) Detersive: A cleaning agent. (Syn: Detergent) Diaphoretic: An herb or substance that produces, promotes, or increases sweat and perspiration. (A seda- tive diaphoretic acts by dilation of the skin vessels.) (Syn: Sudorific, Hydragogue) Digestant: Same as Digestive Digestive: An herb or substance that directly digests food or aids in the digestion of food. (Syn: Digestant, Eupeptic, Peptic) Diluent: An herb or substance that dilutes the fluids of the body and renders the excretions less irritant. (Syn: Dilutant) Dilutant: Same as Diluent Discutient: An herb or substance that helps dissolve or remove local tumefaction (tumors) or inflamma- tion. (Syn: Maturating, Resolvent) Disinfectant: An herb or substance that cleanses or prevents infection by destroying or inhibiting the activity of pathogenic disease-producing bacteria, germs, and other micro-organisms, or by rendering organic fermentation inactive. (Syn: Anti-septic, Anti-biotic, Detergent) Diuretic: An herb or substance that increases the secretion, flow, and expulsion of urine. (Syn: Renal, Renic) Drastic: An herb or substance that is a harsh purgative that usually causes pain, tormina (griping cramps), tenesmus (urgent feeling of the need to defecate without the ability to do so), diarrhea, and/or repeated evacuations of the bowels. (Syn: Purge, Purgative, Laxative, Eliminant) Ecbolic: An herb or substance that excites and acceler- ates uterine contractions and thus facilitates parturition or child birth. (Syn: Oxytocic, Parturient, Parturifacient) Electuary: A medication consisting of a powdered herb or other drug substance made into a paste with syrup or honey. (Syn: Conserve) Eliminant: An herb or substance that causes evacuations, especially when soluble compounds are formed of insoluble substances thus facilitating their removal by erection. (Eliminator, Syn: Laxative, Drastic, Purgative, Cathartic) Eliminator: Same as Eliminant Embrocation: An application of liquid medication to the surface of the body; any liquid medication for external use. Emetic: An herb or substance that causes vomiting or emesis. (Syn: Nauseant, Vomitive) Emmenagogic: Same as Emmenagogue Emmenagogue: An herb or substance that promotes and regu- lates menstrual flow. (Emmenagogic) Emollient: An herb or substance that is used externally to soften and soothe irritated skin, inflamed tissue, or mucous membranes. (Syn: Demulcent, Counter-irritant) Endocrine: An herb or substance that strengthens the endo- crine glands and immune system. (e.g. Echin- acea) Epispastic: An herb or substance that causes blistering. (Syn: Vesicant) Errhine: An herb or substance that excites, produces, or promotes sneezing, or nasal discharge and secretion. (Syn: Sternutatory) Escharotic: An herb or substance that is caustic or corrosive and capable of producing an eschar or slough. (Syn: Caustic, Cauterant, Corrosive) Esculent: An herb or substance that is suitable to be eaten as food. (Ant: Poison) Eupeptic: An herb or substance that promotes or aides the digestion of food. (Syn: Peptic, Digestive) Euphoriant: An herb or substance that produces an abnormal sense of euphoria, vigor, and buoyancy. (Syn: Hallucinogen, Hallucinogenic, Delirifacient, Euphorigen) Euphorigen: Same as Euphoriant Evacuant: An herb or substance that has a laxative effect that causes or hastens an evacuation of the bowels. (Syn: Aperient, Cathartic, Laxative, Purgative, Purge, etc.) Exanthematous: An herb or substance that affects or acts as a remedy for skin diseases and eruptions. (Syn: Herpetic) Excitant: An herb or substance that excites or stimulates the vital functions of a particular body sys- tem, especially the nervous, muscular, and circulatory systems. (Syn: Stimulant, Excito- motor, Ant: Depressant) Excito-motor: An herb or substance that excites, stimulates, & increases muscular activity. (Syn: Excitant) Exhilarant: An herb or substance that excites or elevates the psychic function, or produces an abnormal sense of euphoria, vigor, and buoyancy. (Syn: Euphoriant, Hallucinogen, Hallucinogenic, Delirifacient, Euphorigen) Expectorant: An herb or substance that promotes the dis charge of mucus and phlegm from the lungs and throat by means of spitting and expectoration. (Stimulant expectorants excite during muscu lar weakness, sedative expectorants reduce irritation. Either can facilitate the expulsion of sputum from mucus membranes and air pass ages.) (Syn: Anti-tussive, Pectoral) Extract: A preparation obtained from soaking an herb, plant part, or substance in an appropriate solvent, usually alcohol, water, or glycerine, then removing the solid parts by straining, evaporating some or all of the solvent, and adjusting the result to prescribed standards of concentration. Febrifuge: An herb or substance that reduces or eliminates the high temperatures of fevers. (Syn: Antipyretic, Refrigerant) Filaricide: An herb or substance that kills a class of em- bryo worms known as filaria. (e.g. guinea worms) Fomentation: An herb or substance administered by warm moist applications. (Syn: Poultice, Cataplasm) Fumigatoric: An herb or substance that is burned so that the smoke can be used to kill or inhibit insects or vermin. (Syn: Insecticide, Larvicide) Fungicide: An herb or substance that kills or inhibits fungus infections. (Syn: Anti-bacterial, Germicide) Galactafuge: An herb or substance that diminishes or arrests the secretion and flow of milk. (Syn: Galacta- phyge, Lactafuge, Lactaphyge, Ant: Galactagogue Galactagenic, Lactagogue, Lactagenic) Galactagenic: Same as Galactagogue Galactagogue: An herb or substance that stimulates, promotes, or increases the secretion and flow of milk. (Syn: Galactagenic, Lactagenic, Lactagogue, Ant: Galactafuge, Galactaphyge, Lactafuge, Lactaphyge) Galactaphyge: Same as Galactofuge Gastro-Intestinal: An herb or substance that affects the stomach and intestines. Genito-Urinary: An herb or substance that affects the genitals and urinary organs or their functions. (Syn: Urogenital, Urinogenital) Germicide: An herb or substance that destroys germs, bac- teria, or other micro-organisms. (Syn: Anti- bacterial, Disinfectant, Fungicide) Haematic: A blood purifier. (Syn: Hematic) Haematinic: A blood purifier. (Syn: Hematic) Hemostatic: An herb or substance that regulates, slows, or stops the flow of blood. (Syn: Coagulant, Hemostatic, Styptic) Hallucinogenic: An herb or substance that produces disturbances of consciousness, violent emotion or mental excitement, euphoria, delusions, delirium, fevers, or hallucinations. (Syn: Hallucinogen Delirifacient) Hallucinogen: Same as Hallucinogenic Hematic: An herb or substance that cleanses or improves the quality of the blood. (Syn: Blood Purifier, Haematic, Haematinic, Hematinic) Hematinic: Same as Hematic Hemostatic: An herb or substance that regulates, slows, or stops the flow of blood. (Syn: Coagulant, Haemostatic, Styptic) Hepatic: An herb or substance that stimulates the various functions of the liver, or acts as a cure for diseases of the liver. Herpetic: An herb or substance that affects or acts as a remedy for skin diseases, acne, eruptions, or ringworm. (Syn: Exanthematous) Hydragogue: An herb or substance that causes abundant and cathartic watery discharges, especially urina- tion, perspiration, and diarrhea. A water purgative. (Syn: Diaphoretic, Diuretic, Sudorific, Purgative) Hygroscopic: An herb or substance that induces the body to attract and retain moisture. Hyperaemic: An herb or substance that draws an excessive amount of blood to one part of the body causing redness and swelling (hyperaemia). (Syn: Counter-irritant, Revulsive, Rubefacient) Hyperglycemic: An herb or substance that helps to stabilize high blood sugar levels. (Ant: Hypoglycemic) Hypertensive: An herb or substance that raises blood pressure (Ant: Hypotensive) Hypnotic: An herb or substance that promotes or produces sleep. (Some pain relievers are also hypnotic but true hypnotics only cause sleep.) (Syn: Somnifacient, Nervine) Hypodermic: An herb, substance, or preparation that affects the tissue beneath the surface of the skin. (Syn: Subculoydic) Hypoglycemic: An herb or substance that helps to stabilize low blood sugar levels. (Ant: Hyperglycemic) Hypotensive: An herb or substance that lowers blood pressure (Ant: Hypertensive) Immuno-stimulant: An herb or substance that contains constituents that stimulate the inate immune system, activating the first line of defense by the human body, increased "scouring" by white blood cells, called "macrophages". Stimulating this first line of defense subsequently stimulates the second line of defense, the acquired immune system. This part of the immune response initiates the formation of antibodies, which are created by the T-helper cells. These antibodies and are designed to lyse or pierce the membranes of the invading pathogen. Infusion: A liquid preparation obtained by steeping medicinal plant parts in water and then extracting the solid parts by straining the preparation. (See also: Decoction) Insecticidal: Same as Insecticide Insecticide: An herb or substance that kills insects. (Syn: Fumigatoric, Insecticidal, Larvicide) Irritant: An herb or substance that when applied locally causes inflammation, hyperemia or excess blood, and rashes or abnormal sensitivity in living tissue. (Syn: Rubefacient, Counter- irritant) Isotonic (solution) A type of solution used in herbal medicine, which consists of a mixture of pure or distilled water and pure salt (sea salt without any anti-caking agents is best). The ratio to create the solution is 1 cup of purified water combined with 1/4 th teaspoon salt. This solution is used to create herbal teas which become soothing washes for mucous membranes such as eyes, mouth or sinus. Lactafuge: An herb or substance that diminishes or arrests the secretion and flow of milk. (Syn: Lacta- phyge, Galactafuge, Galactaphyge, Ant: Galac- tagogue, Galactagenic, Lactifuge, Lactagenic, Lactagogue) Lactagenic: Same as Lactagogue Lactagogue: An herb or substance that stimulates, promotes, or increases the secretion and flow of milk. (Syn: Galactagenic, Galactagogue, Lactagenic, Ant: Galactaphyge, Galactafuge, Lactafuge, Lactaphyge) Lactaphyge: Same as Lactafuge Lactifuge: Same as Lactafuge Lactigenic: Same as Lactagogue Lactigogue: Same as Lactagogue Lactiphyge: Same as Lactafuge Larvicide: An herb or substance that kills the larvae of insects. (Syn: Fumigatoric, Insecticidal, Insecticide) Laxative: An herb or substance that promotes or induces a mild and painless evacuation of the bowels. It is stronger than an aperient, but not purgative, cathartic, or drastic. (Syn: Aperient Cathartic, Purgative, Purge, Drastic) Lenitive: An herb or substance that has a soothing demul- cent action on the internal membranes. (Syn: Demulcent) Liniment: An herb or a substance applied to the skin by gentle friction or by brisk rubbing which is used to relieve superficial pain. Lithontriptic: An herb or substance that dissolves calculi or kidney stones in the urinary organs. (Syn: Antilithic, Anthilitic, Deobstruent, Lithotriptic) Lithotriptic: Same as Lithontriptic Lymphatic: An herb or substance that cleanses, strength- ens, or heals the lymph system. Maggoticide: An herb or substance that destroys maggots. Masticatory: An herb or substance that is chewed to increase salivation. (Syn: Salivator, Sialagogue) Maturating: An herb or substance that acts to ripen or bring boils, tumors, or ulcers to a head. (Syn: Discutient, Resolvent, Tumefacient) Miotic: An herb or substance that causes the pupil of the eye to contract (miosis). (Myotic, Ant: Mydriatic) Motor-depressant: An herb or substance that depresses, curbs, or restrains motor or muscular activity. (Syn: Depressant) Motor-excitant: An herb or substance that incites or increases motor or muscular activity. (Syn: Stimulant) Mucilaginous: An herb or substance that is characterized by a gummy or gelatinous consistency which is soothing and healing to inflamed surfaces and mucous membranes. Mydriatic: An herb or substance that causes the pupil of the eye to expand or dilate (mydriasis). (Ant: Miotic, Myotic) Myotic: An herb or substance that causes the pupil of the eye to contract or constrict (miosis). (Syn: Miotic, Ant: Mydriatic) Narco-hypnotic: An herb or substance that not only causes sleep but if given in larger does induces narcosis. (See: Narcotic) Narcotic: An herb or substance that will relieve pain and induce sleep when used in medicinal doses, but which can produce stupor, convulsions, uncon- sciousness, coma, or death if the dosage is too large, and addiction if the dosage is re- peated too often. (Syn: Analgesic, Anesthetic, Anodyne, Sedative, Soporific) Nauseant: An herb or substance that produces vomiting and nausea. (Syn: Emetic) Nephritic: An herb or substance that cleanses or strengthens the kidneys, or is used to treat diseases of the kidneys. (Syn: Renal) Nervine: An herb or substance that relaxes, soothes, calms, and quiets the nerves, or acts on the entire nervous system in a beneficial manner to allay nervous excitement. (Syn: Relaxant, Tranquilizer, Sedative, Narcotic) Nutriant: Same as Nutrient Nutrient: An herb or substance that affects the nutritive processes and metabolic changes in the body, supplies material for tissue building, contains necessary food values such as vitamins and minerals, or which acts to release these elements from other food which has already been eaten but not assimilated. (= Nutriant, Nutritive) Nutritive: Same as Nutrient Ophthalmic: An herb or substance that acts to heal, soothe, or strengthen the eyes, or which acts as a remedy for diseases of the eyes. Orexigenic: An herb or substance that excites or stimulates the appetite. Oxytocic: An herb or substance that excites and acceler- ates parturition (child birth) by stimulating the contraction of the uterine muscles. (Syn: Ecbolic, Parturient, Parturifacient) Palliative: An herb or substance that relieves symptoms without affecting or changing the underlying causes. (Syn: Placebo) Paralyzant: An herb or substance that causes temporary functional paralysis of some part of the body. Parasiticide: An herb or substance that kills parasites. (Syn: Vermicide, Taeniacide) Para-sympathetic: An herb or substance that affects the parasympathetic nervous system. (Syn: Sympathetic) Parturient: An herb or substance that acts to induce labor at childbirth by stimulating the contraction of the uterine muscles. (Syn: Parturifacient, Oxytocic, Ecbolic, Uterine) Parturifacient: Same as Parturient Partus Praeparator: An herb or substance that strengthens prior to but in preparation for labor and childbirth. Pectoral: An herb or substance that acts as a remedy for the diseases and afflictions of the chest and lungs, which promotes expectoration, or which relieves coughing. (Syn: Anti-tussive, Ex- pectorant) Peptic: An herb or substance that aids in the diges- tion of food. (Syn: Digestive, Eupeptic ) Peristaltic: An herb or substance that induces or increases peristalsis or the rhythmic wavelike contrac- tions of the smooth muscles surrounding the intestines. Pertussis: An herb or substance that soothes, relieves, or heals coughing. Physic: An herb or substance that has general medicinal or healing properties. Placebo: An herb or substance which has no known effect or beneficial properties in regard to a speci- fic condition but which may nevertheless help a person if they believe that it will work. (Syn: Palliative) Poison: An herb or substance that has harmful or fatal effects if it ingested by an organism, or if it comes in contact with living tissue. Something not suitable to be eaten as food. (Ant: Esculent, Syn: Toxin, Toxic) Polypharmic: An herb or substance which when combined with other herbs in a formula or mixture tends to increase the synergistic interaction of the other ingredients. (Ant: Simple) Poultice: A paste made of an herb or drug applied to sore or inflamed body parts to supply moisture, to soothe, or to act as a local stimulant; medi- cated external application. (Syn: Cataplasm, Fomentation) Protective: An herb or substance that protects a wound or lesion by mechanically covering or coating the surface of the skin. Protozoicidal: An herb or substance that kills protozoa or amoeba. Pruritic: An herb or substance that soothes or is effec- tive against itching. Pulmonary: An herb or substance that strengthens, heals, cleanses, or affects the lungs. (Syn: Expec- torant, Pectoral) Purgative: An herb or substance that produces a vigorous and rapid evacuation of the bowels. (Syn: Aperient, Laxative, Drastic, Cathartic, Purge) May also refer to discharges other than from the bowels. (See: Hydragogue) Purge: Same as Purgative Pustulant: An herb or substance that attacks or irritates isolated areas of the skin, for example, the sweat glands, causing pustules, pimples, or blisters. Reconstructive: An herb or substance that furnishes needed medicinal and nutritive substances, and also restores the strength and integrity of the body. (Syn: Alterative, Nutrient, Restorative) Refrigerant: An herb or substance that imparts a cooling sensation to the mucous membranes, allays thirst, and reduces abnormal body heat and fever. Externally it cools by evaporation. (Syn: Febrifuge, Anti-Pyretic) Relaxant: An herb or substance that relaxes, eases, and relieves tension and strain. (Syn: Calmative, Nervine, Sedative, Tranquilizer) Renal: An herb or substance that strengthens, heals, cleanses, or otherwise affects the kidneys, or is used to treat diseases of the kidneys. (Syn: Diuretic, Nephritic) Resinoid: A preparation that is a mixture of a resin and another substance or substances, especially alcoholic preparations precipitated with water Resolvent: An herb or substance that reduces, dissolves, removes, dissipates, or promotes the resolu- tion of swellings, tumors, or other pathologic growths. (Syn: Discutient, Maturating, Tume- facient) Resorbent: An herb or substance that promotes the removal of waste matter, especially by perspiration. Restorative: An herb or substance that helps to restore consciousness, tone, vigor, function, or health, or which returns the body to normal physiological activity after it has experienced a shock or trauma. (Syn: Reconstructive) Revulsive: An herb or substance that produces a localized excess of blood which then reduces other blood engorged areas. (Syn: Counter-Irritant, Rube- facient, Hyperaemic) Roborant: An herb or substance that supplies needed food or material to tissues, and imparts increased strength. (Syn: Nutritive, Restorative,) Rubefacient: An herb or substance that reddens the skin when applied locally by increasing the circulation, but which may also cause irritation. (Syn: Counter-Irritant, Hyperaemic, Irritant, Revulsive) Salivant: Same as Salivator Salivator: An herb or substance that increases the secret- ion or causes an excessive flow of saliva. (Syn: Masticatory, Sialagogue) Saponaceous: An herb or substance that is soapy, and thus helps cleanse and purify external wounds or sores (Syn: Depurant, Depurative, Detergent) Sedative: An herb or substance that soothes and reduces nervousness, distress, excitement, or irritation. It can also relieve pain and induce sleep and have a strengthening tonic effect. (Syn: Analgesic, Anesthetic, Anodyne, Calma- tive, Narcotic, Nervine, Relaxant, Soporific, Somnifacient) Sialagogue: An herb or substance that promotes or increases the secretion of saliva, or causes an exces- sive flow of saliva. (Syn: Masticatory, Salivator) Simple: An herb or substance which is used by itself as a complete form of treatment or prevention, as opposed to being used in a formula or in comb- ination with other herbs or substances. (Ant: Polypharmic) Somnifacient: An herb or substance that induces sleep. (Syn: Calmative, Hypnotic, Anesthetic, Narcotic, Nervine, Relaxant, Soporific) Soporific: An herb or substance that induces sleep. (Syn: Hypnotic, Narcotic, Nervine, Relaxant, Seda- tive, Anesthetic, Somnifacient) Spasmolytic: An herb or substance that relieves, reduces, or prevents spasms, cramps, and contractions in either the voluntary or involuntary muscles, and which also alleviates the pain which can accompany them. (Syn: Anti-Spasmodic) Specific: An herb or substance that has a selective cura- tive action in a specific organ, condition, or disease, or in a particular phase of the disease. (Ant: Systemic) Spermatogenic: An herb or substance that helps produce semen or spermatozoa. Sternutatory: An herb or substance that excites or induces sneezing. (e.g. black pepper) (Syn: Errhine) Stimulant: An herb or substance that excites, quickens, or increases the activity of the physiological processes and vital functions of a particular body system, especially the nervous, muscular, gastric, respiratory, cardiac/circulatory, hepatic, and urinary systems. (Ant: Depres- sant, Syn: Excitant, Tonic) Stomachic: An herb or substance that acts on the stomach by toning and soothing, promoting digestion, correcting an acid-alkaline imbalance, or stimulating the appetite. (Syn: Digestive) Styptic: An herb or substance that will locally stop bleeding and hemorrhages by contracting the blood vessels and tissue through strong astringent action. (Syn: Astringent, Coagulant, Hemostatic) Subculoydic: An herb, substance, or preparation that affects the tissue beneath the surface of the skin. (Syn: Hypodermic) Sudorific: An herb or substance that promotes or increases intense sweating, sometimes causing active droplet perspiration. (Syn: Diaphoretic, Hydragogue) Suppository: A small solid medication that is inserted into a body orifice other than the mouth. Suppurative: An herb or substance that helps to release pus from a wound or infected area. Sympathetic: An herb or substance that affects the sympathe- tic nervous system. (Syn: Para-sympathetic) Synergist: An herb or substance that has a similar effect upon tissue or function as some other agent, and usually acts harmoniously in conjunction with it. Systemic: An herb or substance that affects the body as a whole rather than working on particular organs or tissue. (Ant: Specific) Taenicide: Same as Taeniacide. Taeniacide: An herb or substance that kills and expels tapeworms. (Syn: Anthelmintic, Parasitic, Taeniafuge, Vermicide, Vermifuge) Taenifuge: Same as Taeniafuge. Taeniafuge: An herb or substance that expels tapeworms. (Syn: Anthelmintic, Parasitic, Taenia-cide, Vermicide, Vermifuge) Thoracic: An herb or substance which is used to treat respiratory problems. Thymoleptic: An herb or substance which raises the mood or counteracts depression. Tonic: An herb or substance that restores normal func- tions by stimulating, invigorating, strength- ening, and toning either a particular organ or the entire body. (Syn: Bitter Tonic, Stimulant) Toxic: An herb, substance, organism, or chemical that has harmful or fatal effects if it ingested by an organism usually due to the waste products that are manufactured or accumulated. Also the chemical additives and preservatives in food. (Ant: Esculent, Syn: Toxic, Poison) Toxin Same as Toxic Tranquilizer: An herb or substance that calms, soothes, and relaxes. (Syn: Nervine, Relaxant, Sedative) Tumefacient: An herb or substance that, [a] reduces swell- ing and edema. [b] reduces the growth of tumors, boils, moles, etc. (Syn: Resolvent, Discutient, Maturating,) Urino-Genital: Same as Urogenital Urogenital: An herb or substance that affects the genitals and urinary organs or their functions. (Syn: Urino-genital, Genito-Urinary) Uterine: An herb or substance that affects the uterus or womb, especially one that acts to induce labor at child birth by stimulating the contraction of the uterine muscles. (Syn: Parturifacient, Parturient, Oxytocic, Ecbolic) Varicosic: An herb or substance that helps to reduce the swelling and pain of varicose veins. Vaso-constrictor: An herb or substance that narrows or constricts the blood vessels, thus raising blood pressure (Ant: Vaso-dilator, Vaso-depressant, Syn: Vaso-stimulant) Vaso-depressant: An herb or substance that relaxes the blood vessels by acting on the nervous and/or muscle systems, and thus decreases blood pressure. (Ant: Vaso-constrictor, Vaso-stimulant, Syn: Vaso-dilator) Vaso-dilator: An herb or substance that widens or dilates the blood vessels, thus lowering blood pressure. (Ant: Vaso-constrictor, Vaso-stimulant, Syn: Vaso-depressant) Vaso-stimulant: An herb or substance that increases tension in the blood vessels by acting on the nervous and/or muscle systems, and thus increases the blood pressure. (Ant: Vaso-dilator, Vaso- depressant, Syn: Vaso-constrictor) Vermicide: An herb or substance that kills and expels intestinal worms. (Syn: Anthelmintic, Parasiti- tic, Taeniacide, Taeniafuge, Vermifuge) Vermifuge: An herb or substance that expels intestinal worms. (Syn: Anthelmintic, Parasitic, Taeniacide, Taeniafuge, Vermicide) Vesicant: An herb or substance that causes blistering or vesication. (Syn: Epispastic) Vomitive: An herb or substance that causes vomiting or emesis. (Syn: Nauseant, Emetic) Vulnerary: An herb or substance that heals open wounds, and is used specifically in external applica- tions, packs, and compresses. It can also be taken internally to enhance the effect. SOURCES Felter, Harvey The Eclectic Materia Medica, Pharmacology and Wickes M.D. Therapeutics, Eclectic Medical Publications, Portland, Oregon, 1985 Hutchens, Alma R. Indian Herbology of North America, Merco Publishers, Windsor, Ontario, 1973 Jain, S. K. and Medicinal Plants of India, 2 volumes, DeFilipps, Robert A. Reference Publications, Inc., 218 St. Clair River Drive, Box 344, Algonac, Michigan 48001, 1991 p.622-639 Lust, John The Herb Book, Bantam Books, New York, 1974 Michael Moore, Medicinal Plants of the Mountain West, The Museum of New Mexico Press, Santa Fe, New Mexico, 1979 Potter's Potter's New Cyclopaedia of Botanical Drugs and Preparations, C. W. Daniel Company Limited, Saffron Walden, Essex, England, (1907-1915- 1923-1932-1939-1950-1956) - 1988, Editors: Richard Cranfield Wren, R. W. Wren, Elizabeth M. Williamson, Fred J. Evans, Etc. Reader's Digest Magic and Medicine of Plants, Reader's Digest Association, Inc. Pleasantville, New York, 1986 Kowalchic, Claire Rodale's Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hylton, William H. Herbs, Rodale Press, Emmaus, Pennsyl- vania, 1987 Hoffman, David The Herbal HandBook - A User's Guide to Medical Herbalism, Healing Arts Press, See Also Holistic Medicine Terminology Learning Center